QM48T/S25050 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet
36-75 VDC Input; 5 VDC @ 25 A Quarter-Brick
For each set of conditions, the maximum load current was
Characterization
General Information
The converter has been characterized for many
operational aspects, to include thermal derating (maximum
load current as a function of ambient temperature and
airflow) for vertical and horizontal mounting, efficiency,
start-up and shutdown parameters, output ripple and
noise, transient response to load step-change, overload,
defined as the lowest of:
(i) The output current at which either any FET junction
temperature did not exceed a maximum specified
temperature (120°C) as indicated by the thermographic
image, or
(ii) The nominal rating of the converter (25 A)
During normal operation, derating curves with maximum
FET temperature less than or equal to 120 °C should not
and short circuit.
be exceeded.
Temperature on the PCB at the
The following pages contain specific plots or waveforms
associated with the converter. Additional comments for
thermocouple location shown in Fig. H should not exceed
118 °C in order to operate inside the derating curves.
specific data are provided below.
Efficiency
Test Conditions
All data presented were taken with the converter soldered
to a test board, specifically a 0.060” thick printed wiring
board (PWB) with four layers. The top and bottom layers
were not metalized. The two inner layers, comprising two-
ounce copper, were used to provide traces for connectivity
to the converter.
The lack of metalization on the outer layers as well as the
limited thermal connection ensured that heat transfer from
the converter to the PWB was minimized. This provides a
worst-case but consistent scenario for thermal derating
purposes.
All measurements requiring airflow were made in vertical
and horizontal wind tunnel facilities using Infrared (IR)
thermography and thermocouples for thermometry.
Ensuring components on the converter do not exceed their
ratings is important to maintaining high reliability. If one
anticipates operating the converter at or close to the
maximum loads specified in the derating curves, it is
prudent to check actual operating temperatures in the
application. Thermographic imaging is preferable; if this
capability is not available, then thermocouples may be
used. Power-One recommends the use of AWG #40
gauge thermocouples to ensure measurement accuracy.
Careful routing of the thermocouple leads will further
minimize measurement error. Refer to Figure H for
optimum measuring thermocouple location.
Thermal Derating
Load current vs. ambient temperature and airflow rates are
given in Figs. 1-4 for vertical and horizontal converter
mounting both through-hole and surface mount version.
Ambient temperature was varied between 25°C and 85°C,
with airflow rates from 30 to 500 LFM (0.15 to 2.5 m/s).
Fig.5 shows the efficiency vs. load current plot for ambient
temperature of 25 oC, airflow rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
with vertical mounting and input voltages of 36 V, 48 V and
72 V. Also, a plot of efficiency vs. load current, as a
function of ambient temperature with Vin = 48 V, airflow
rate of 200 LFM (1 m/s) with vertical mounting is shown in
Fig. 6.
Power Dissipation
Fig. 7 shows the power dissipation vs. load current plot for
Ta = 25oC, airflow rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) with vertical
mounting and input voltages of 36 V, 48 V and 72 V. Also,
a plot of power dissipation vs. load current, as a function of
ambient temperature with Vin = 48 V, airflow rate of 200
LFM (1 m/s) with vertical mounting is shown in Fig. 8.
Start-up
Output voltage waveforms, during the turn-on transient
using the ON/OFF pin for full rated load currents (resistive
load) are shown without and with external load
capacitance in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, respectively.
Ripple and Noise
Figure 12 shows the output voltage ripple waveform,
measured at full rated load current with a 10 μF tantalum
and 1 μF ceramic capacitor across the output. Note that all
output voltage waveforms are measured across a 1 μ F
ceramic capacitor.
The input reflected ripple current waveforms are obtained
using the test setup shown in Fig 13. The corresponding
waveforms are shown in Figs. 14 and 15.
MAR 27, 2003 revised to SEP 28, 2006
Page 6 of 13
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